人教版8大学英语上册Unit9常识点和语法专项_腾讯新闻

Unit 9 Can you come to my party?

一、短语归纳

1.on Saturday afternoon

=on the afternoon of Saturday在星期六下午

2.have to不得不，有必要

3.go to the/a doctor

=see the/a doctor去看病

4.have the flu患流感

5.help my parents协助我的父母

6.come to the party参加集会

7.meet my friend见兄弟

8.too much homework太多的家庭作业

9.go to the party参加集会

10.another time其他时刻

11.last fall

=last autumn上一年秋天

12.hang out闲逛

13.after school放学后

14.on the weekend在周末

15.go to the movies去看影片

16.study for a test备考

17.visit grandparents造访爷爷奶奶

18.prepare for为…做预备

19.turn down回绝；调低

20.take a trip去旅行

21.go shopping去购物

22.do homework做家庭作业

23.the day before yesterday前天

24.the day after tomorrow后天

25.not…until… 直到……才……

26.have a piano lesson上钢琴课

27.accept an invitation承受聘请

28.look forward to… 期望，等待

29.at the end of this month在这个月末

30.go to the concert去听音乐会

31.reply in writing书面回复

32.the opening of…的开幕式/竣工典礼

33.look after…

=take care of… 照看……

二、必背语句

—Can you come to my party on Saturday afternoon? 星期六下午你能来参加我的集会吗?

—Sure, I’d love to. 当然了，我很愿意去。

I have to prepare for an exam. 我有必要为考试做预备。

I have too much homework this weekend. 这周末我有太多的家庭作业。

I remember we went bike riding together last fall when he visited you.

我记住他上一年秋天来造访你的时分咱们一同骑自行车兜风了。

Oh, but Sam isn’t leaving until next Wednesday.哦，但萨姆要一向待到下星期三才走。

Bring Ms. Steen to the party without telling her so that she can be surprised.

不要告诉斯蒂恩女士，直接把她带到集会以便给她个惊喜。

I look forward to hearing from you all. 我期盼着你们一切人的答复。

三、用法点拔

(1)—Can you come to my party on Saturday afternoon?

星期六下午你能来参加我的集会吗?

—Sure, I’d love to.

当然了，我很愿意去。

“Can you…?”可用来向别人宣告聘请或问询对方能否做某事。

必定答语是：Sure, I’d love to./Certainly./Of course,I can.等。

否定答语常用：I’d love to,but I have to…/Sorry,I have to…/I’m sorry,I can’t.等。

— Can you go to the movies with me tonight?

今晚你能与我一同去看影片吗?

— Sure,I’d love to.

当然，我很愿意去。

(2)I have to prepare for an exam. 我有必要为考试做预备。

prepare意为“（为…..做预备；把….预备好”。其用法如下：

prepare sth.预备…..后接名词或代词作宾语。当宾语是食物类的名词时，可意为“制造”。

My mother is preparing dinner.

我母亲在煮饭。

prepare sth. for sb.给或人预备某物

She prepared a nice break fast for us.

她为咱们预备了一顿可口的早餐。

prepare for sth.为….做预备

I have to prepare for the party tomorrow.

我必需要为明日的集会做预备了。

prepare to do sth.预备去做某事

He prepared to make friends by WeChat.

他预备经过微信交兄弟。

(3)I have too much homework this weekend. 这周末我有太多的家庭作业。

too much润饰不可以数名词，用来偏重其“量”超出了正常的规模。too用来润饰描述词或副词，标明“太”的意思，其程度比very, so, quite要强得多。

He sometimes finds his teacher leaves them too much homework to do.

他有时发现教师留给他们做的家庭作业太多了。

I don’t want to eat too much food every day.

我不想每天吃太多的食物。

分析

too much“太多”，用来润饰不可以数名词。

There isn’t too much food in the house.

家里食物不太多了。

too many“太多”，用来润饰可数名词复数。

There are too many students in the playground.

操场上有太多学生。

much too“真实…..;几乎…..”，一般润饰描述词或副词。

The coat is much too large.

这件大衣真实太大了。

(4)I remember we went bike riding together last fall when he visited you.我记住他上一年秋天来造访你的时分咱们一同骑自行车兜风了。

remember在此处是及物动词

，意为“记住”，后边可以直接跟宾语。

I can’t remember his name.

我记不得他的名字了。

remember的用法：

remember me to sb.代我问好或人

Remember me to your parents.

代我向你的父母问好。

remember to do sth.记住去做某事（未做）

Remember to give him the book.

记住把这本书给他。

remember doing sth.记住做过某事（已做）

I remember giving him the book.

我记住我给他那本书了。

(5)Oh, but Sam isn’t leaving until next Wednesday.哦，但萨姆要一向待到下星期三才走。

句中的until有以下用法：

作介词时，意为“直到某一时刻；直到发生某事”

必定句：

It may last until Friday.

这可以要连续到星期五。

He will be working until 5 o’clock.

他将一向作业到五点钟。

用于必定句时，意为“直到….时（中止）”或“….早年”。

谓语动词须是持续性动词，如live、wait、last、love等。

否定句：

Don’t open it until your birthday.

等到你过生日再翻开它。

She didn’t sleep until eight.

她到8点钟才睡觉。

用于否定句时，意为“直到….才”或“直到…之前（还不….）”。

作连词时，意为“直到…..时中止”，主句为必定句：

Continue walking in this direction until you see a sign.

一向朝着这个方向走直到你看见指示牌。

He ran until he was breathless.

他一向跑到气喘吁吁才停下。

主句为必定句时，标明主句的动作一向持续到从句动作发生或状况呈现时。一般可意为“直到…中止”。在这种用法中，主句的谓语动词有必要是持续性动词，如live、wait、last、love、like、stay、work、continue等。

主句为否定句：

I didn’t realize she was foreign until she spoke.

她不说话我还一向不晓得她是个外国人。

I won’t stop shouting until you let me go.

你不放我，我就一向叫喊。

(6)look after his sister 照看他的小妹

分析：与“照看”有关的短语

take care of一般用来叮咛别人照看好自个或是自个的东西

Can you take good care of these goods?

你能看守好这些货品吗?

care for更多地标明操心、关怀之类的意思

He spent years caring for his sick mother.

他数年中一向在照看患病的母亲。

look after首要对人在日子方面照看和照料

My mother is ill. I have to look after her at home.

我母亲病了。我不得不在家照看她。

(7)accept an invitation 承受聘请

分析：accept, receive

accept意为“承受”，指片面上情愿承受

She accepted a present from her friend.

她承受了兄弟的礼物。

receive意为“收到”，指客观上收到或拿到，但不包括承受者自己是不是“承受”的意思

I received a letter from my sister last week.

上星期我收到了我姐姐的一封来信。

分析：reply, answer

reply用作及物动词时，后跟直接引语或that引导的从句；用作不及物动词时，后边与to连用，标明“答复或人的疑问、函件等”

I’ll reply to your letter tomorrow.

明日我将给你回信。

answer可作及物动词，也可作不及物动词。可标明接听电话或对门铃等动态做出反应等。

Who can answer the question?

谁能答复这个疑问?

(8)turn down an invitation 回绝聘请回绝

turn down恰当于refuse，还可意为“关小；调低”

I turned down his advice.

我回绝了他的主张。

It’s too noisy. Please turn it down.

它太吵了，请把音量调低点。

反义词组是turn up

(9)Bring Ms. Steen to the party without telling her so that she can be surprised. 不要告诉斯蒂恩女士，直接把她带到集会以便给她个惊喜。

without是介词，意为“没有”。常见用法如下：

标明否定，意为“没有，无”。

He went out without his umbrella.

他外出没有带伞。

这今后除可接名词或代词外，也可接动名词。

He walked past me without speaking.

他从我身旁走过，一句话也没说。

有时标明条件，意为“若无；若非”。

We cannot live without water.

=We cannot live if there is no water.

没有水，咱们无法生计。

10)I look forward to hearing from you all. 我期盼着你们一切人的答复。

look forward to意思是“等待，期望”。to是介词，后边接名词或许动名词。

I look forward to seeing you again.

我期望再次见到你。

He looks forward to your letters.

他期望着你的函件。

hear from是固定短语，后边接或人，意为“收到(或人的)信、电话等”。

I heard from my pen pal last week.

上星期我收到 了我笔友的来信。

四、语法专项

A.神态动词

神态动词can表聘请

神态动词can除了标明才能、答应或猜测之外，还可以标明聘请;could较can更礼貌、宛转。

Jenny, can you come to my party on Saturday afternoon?

珍妮，周六下午你能来参加我的集会吗?

Can you…?意为“你能…吗?＂是一个宣告聘请的要点句式。假定想更礼貌地宣告激请，还可以运用Could you…?或Would you like to…?

承受聘请常用Sure，I’d love to，(当然了，我情愿)。宛转回绝聘请常“Sorry，I can’t.(对不住，我不能)”或“ I’d love to,but(我很情愿，可是…)”。

—Can you come to my home this evening?

今日晚上你能来我家吗?

—Sure， I’d love to.

当然了，我很情愿。

—Can you go swimming with me this Sunday?

这个星期天你能和我一同去游水吗?

—I’d love to, but I have to see the dentist that day.

我情愿去，可是那天我不得不去看牙医。

宣告聘请：

1.Can you…?意为“你能…吗?”用于熟人之间，比照随意。

鲍勃，你能来参加我的生日集会吗?

Can you come to my birthday party, Bob?

2.Would you like/ love(to)…?意为“你情愿…吗?”

你情愿喝杯咖啡吗?

Would you like a cup of coffee?

你情愿来参加我的生日集会吗?

Would you like to come to my birthday party?

3.I hope you can…意为“我期望你能…”

我期望明日晚上你能和咱们一同去看影片。

I hope you can go to the movies with us tomorrow evening.

我期望你能和咱们一同踢足球。

I hope you can play soccer with us.

4.I’d/We’d like to invite…意为“我/咱们想聘请…”

我想聘请你来参加我的生日集会。

I’d like to invite you to my birthday party.

咱们想聘请你和咱们一同去买东西。

We’d like to invite you to go shopping with us.

承受聘请的应对语：

Certainly./ Of course./Sure./Yes，I’d love to./Yes，I’d like to.意为“当然可以/我很情再铮

With pleasure.

“很愿意”。

All right.

“好吧”。

Yes， I’ll be glad to.

“是的，我很情再铮

That‘s very kind of you. Thank you. /It’s very nice of you. Thank you./That would be very nice of you. Thank you.

你太好了，谢谢你。

I’d love to come. Thank you for inviting me.

我很高兴来，谢谢你聘请我。

留心：答语中 I’d love to中的to不可以以省掉.

谢绝聘请的应对语：

That’s very kind of you, but I’m afraid…

你真是太好了，不过恐怕…。

I’d love/like to, but I have to…

我很想来，但我不得不…

I’m very sorry. I can’t…

很抱愧，我不能…

Sorry, but I can’t. Thank you all the same.

对不住，我不能。可我仍然要谢谢你。

留心：

西方人的聘请一般比照稳重，他们一般不随意聘请别人到家里做客，也不简略承诺聘请，一旦他们提出比照严厉的聘请，被聘请者则有必要做出清楚的答复。

拓宽：

（1）can的其他用法：

1)标明才能，意思是“能;会”。

—Can you speak French?

你会说法语吗?

—No， I can’t.

不，我不会。

2)标明答应，意为“可以”，恰当于may。另外 could也可以标明答应，但口气愈加宛转。

You can take the car, if you want.

假定你想的话，你可以坐轿车。

3)标明估测，用于疑问句、否定句中，意为“会;可以”。

That can’t be Mr. Liu. He is not here at the moment.

那不可以能是刘先生。他此时不在这儿

留心:表否定估测时要用can’t，而不能用 mustn’t，may not等。

—Mary must be at school.

玛丽必定在学校。

—She can’t be at school. I saw her in the street just now.

她不可以能在学校，方才我在街上看见她了。

4)标明阻止，意为“禁绝;阻止”。

You can’t play in the street.

你们禁绝在大街上玩。

（2）向别人宣告聘请、恳求，主张或寻求别人的定见，还有几种表达方法，口气比照宛转，显得谦让而有礼貌。

Let’s + do sth.咱们做某事吧

Let’s go shopping

咱们去购物吧

Shall we+ do sth?咱们做某事好吗?

Shall we go out for a walk?

咱们出去漫步好吗?

Would you mind(not)+ doing sth?你介意(不)做某事吗?

Would you mind closing the door?

你介意关上门吗

How/ What about doing sth?做某事怎么样?

How about playing basketball?

打篮球怎么样?

You’d better(not) do sth你最佳不要做某事

You’d better not read such books.

你最佳不要看这样的书

Why don’t you do sth.?

Why not do sth.?(你)为啥不做某事呢?

Why don’t you ask your teacher?

=Why not ask your teacher?

为啥不问你的教师呢?

Would you like (not)to do sth?你情愿(不)做某事吗?

Would you like to have a rest?

你想歇息一会儿吗？

Would/Could you please ( not) do sth?请你(不要)做某事好吗？

Would you please wait for me?

请你等等我好吗?

B.意图/成果状语从句

Bring Ms. Steen to the party without telling her so that she can be surprised. 在没有奉告斯蒂恩女士的条件下，把她带来参加集会，以便她会感到惊喜。

so that意为“以便;为的是”，此处引导意图状语从句。

I study hard every day so that I can catch up with Tom.

我每天尽力学习，以便能赶上汤姆。

Speak louder so that everybody is able to hear you clearly.

大点儿声说，以便每自个都能听理解你的话。

拓宽:so that与 in order to同义，只是前者跟语句，后者跟动词原形

He practices every day so that he can make the soccer team.

=He practices every day in order to make the soccer team.

为了能变成足球队的一员，他每天操练。

由such…that与so…that引导 “如此…致使于…”

根柢句型：

such +a/an+描述词+奇数名词+that

such+描述词+复数名词+that

such+描述词+不可以数名词+that

so描述词/副词+that

so+描述词+a/an+奇数名词+that

She is such a lovely girl that we love her very much.

=She is so lovely a girl that we love her very much.

她是一个这么心爱的女孩，致使于咱们都很喜爱她。

留心：当名词前面有many、much、little、few润饰时，用so而不必such。

We have so much time that we can finish the work very well.

咱们有如此多的时刻，致使于咱们能极好的结束作业。

分析：so…that与 so that引导意图状语从句

so that: 意为“为了，以便；”，恰当于in order that

so…that: 意为”如此…为了…”, so用来润饰描述词或副词，其从句中的谓语动词一般和can，may， should等神态动词连用，而且主句和从句之间不运用逗号.

Liu Hai ran very fast, so that he caught the early bus.

=Liu Hai ran so fast that he could catch the early bus.

为了趁早班车，刘海跑的很快。

so that和so…that引导成果状语从句

1.so that引导成果状语从句时，作“因而;致使;所以”讲。so that与so…that的意思附近，但后者富含标明程度的意思，而前者却没有。

He spoke clearly so that everybody understood him.

他讲得很理解，所以我们都听懂了。

2.so…that引号成果状语从句时，意为“如此…致使于”。so是副词，用以润饰这今后的描述词或副词，阐明其程度。so…that句型中的that在口语中常可以省去，其意思不变。

The story was so funny it made everybody laugh.

这个故事太诙谐了，把我们都逗笑了

3.so…that句型中的“so+描述词(或副词)”可以提至句首，以加强口气，但要留心用倒装语序。

So bright was the moon that the flowers were as bright as by day.

在如此亮堂的月光下，花儿就像白日相同艳丽。

五、论题作文

汤姆聘请杰克下周六去他家，可是杰克那天没有空，因而不能赴约。假定你是杰克，请根据提示写一封宛转回绝汤姆聘请的信，并阐明你不能赴约的缘由。

提示：study for a test; have a piano lesson; go to the movies.

需求：

1.文章中有必要包括一切提示内容，可恰当发扬；

2.词数60支配。文章最初结束已给出，不计入总词数。

Hi Tom,

Thanks for inviting me to your home.I’d love to come, but I’m sorry I can’t visit you on Saturday. I’m not available this weekend. In the morning, I have to study for a test.In the afternoon, I have a piano lesson. In the evening, I am going to the movies with my family. Maybe another time.

Best wishes,

Jack

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